automotive
From Factory Floor to Graveyard: Tracing the Full Carbon Footprint of the VW ID 3 vs. the ICE Polo
When comparing the lifecycle emissions of the VW ID 3 and the ICE Polo, the ID 3 typically emits about 70% less CO2 over its lifetime, but this advantage depends heavily on electricity mix and battery sourcing. Raw Materials: Where It All Starts Imagine the vehicle as a giant recipe.